Toward a Non-Empirical Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Its Molecular Pathogenesis

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"apellidos" => "López-Blanco" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ricardo" "apellidos" => "López-Romero" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Francisco" "apellidos" => "Medina" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "UIM en Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Especialidades, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "UIM en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Oncología, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: UIM en Enfermedades Autoinmunes. CMN Siglo XXI. IMSS. Avda. Cuauhtémoc 330. Col. Doctores. CP 06720. México DF. México." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Prevalencia de enfermedad vascular aterosclerótica en pacientes cubanos con lupus eritematoso sistémico" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec111712" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Rheumatoid arthritis" 1 => "Pathogenesis" 2 => "Genomics" 3 => "Proteomics" 4 => "Treatment" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec111713" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Artritis reumatoide" 1 => "Patogenia" 2 => "Genómica" 3 => "Proteómica" 4 => "Tratamiento" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, disabling disease that affects individuals during the productive years of their lives. Modern treatment for RA includes the so-called “biologic” therapy, which is based on recombinant proteins that modify the biologic processes. These agents have potent therapeutic effects and different mechanisms of action. Nevertheless, therapeutic failure still prevails. Treatment that prevents disability in RA must be started in an early manner, before the development of complications and, ideally, with a minimum possibility of therapeutic failure. As yet, there are no clinical or laboratory criteria to identify those patients with a higher probability of responding to particular types of therapy, delaying control of RA ad affecting the prevention of incapacity.Research into gene diversity through single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by means of microarray systems, allows the detailed analysis of gene factors associated to a given disease. SNPs have been recently applied to the study of RA, where the major polymorphisms associated to RA occur primarily in genes that code for proteins related to the initiation of an immune response and/or the control of cellular activity in the immune system, in addition to genes related to tissue repair.The specific meaning of these findings is in its initial stages of research. On the other hand, proteomics relate to the analysis of protein expression profiles at multiple levels. Both types of studies will contribute to the knowledge of patterns of gene expression in RA compared to the general population, and will allow an understanding of the pathogenesis of RA. Moreover, proteomic and genomic profiles can be employed to designs probes that identify individuals with the risk of developing RA, individually predict the response to different therapeutic modalities (pharmacogenomics) and for the follow-up of the biologic response to therapy." ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "La artritis reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad crónica e incapacitante que afecta a individuos en etapas productivas de la vida. El tratamiento moderno de la AR incluye la denominada terapia “biológica” basada en proteínas recombinantes, modificadoras de procesos biológicos, con efectos terapéuticos potentes y diferentes mecanismos de acción, pese a lo cual persisten fracasos terapéuticos.Un tratamiento que prevenga la discapacidad en AR debe instituirse en forma temprana, antes del desarrollo de secuelas, e idealmente con mínima posibilidad de fracaso terapéutico. No existen criterios clínicos o de laboratorio que identifiquen a pacientes con mayor probabilidad de respuesta a distintas formas de terapia, lo que retarda el control de la AR y afecta a la prevención de discapacidad.El estudio de la diversidad genética, por medio de polimorfismos de una sola base (SNP) con sistemas de microarreglos (MA), permite el análisis detallado de los factores genéticos asociados a una enfermedad, lo cual empieza a utilizarse en AR. Los polimorfismos con mayor asociación con AR ocurren primordialmente en genes que codifican proteínas relacionadas con el inicio de la respuesta inmunitaria y/o con el control de la actividad celular, además de genes relacionados con la reparación tisular. El significado específico de esto apenas empieza a estudiarse. Por otro lado, la proteómica estudia los perfiles de expresión proteínica en cualquier individuo a múltiples niveles.Ambos tipos de estudios ayudarían a conocer los patrones de expresión génica en AR comparados con la población general. Además de ayudar a conocer la patogenia de la AR, los perfiles proteómicos y genómicos pueden utilizarse para diseñar sondas que identifiquen a individuos con riesgo de desarrollar AR, predigan en forma individualizada la respuesta a distintos esquemas terapéuticos y que permitan seguir la respuesta biológica a la terapia." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:92 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." 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Prevalencia de enfermedad vascular aterosclerótica en pacientes cubanos con lupus eritematoso sistémico

José Morenoa,

Corresponding author

jmoreno49@gmail.com

Correspondence: UIM en Enfermedades Autoinmunes. CMN Siglo XXI. IMSS. Avda. Cuauhtémoc 330. Col. Doctores. CP 06720. México DF. México.

, Guelaguetza Vázquez-Ortizb, Jebea A. López-Blancoa, Ricardo López-Romeroa, Francisco Medinaa

a UIM en Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Especialidades, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México

b UIM en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Oncología, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México

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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Rheumatoid arthritis &#40;RA&#41; is a chronic&#44; disabling disease that affects individuals during the productive years of their lives&#46; Modern treatment for RA includes the so-called &#8220;biologic&#8221; therapy&#44; which is based on recombinant proteins that modify the biologic processes&#46; These agents have potent therapeutic effects and different mechanisms of action&#46; Nevertheless&#44; therapeutic failure still prevails&#46; Treatment that prevents disability in RA must be started in an early manner&#44; before the development of complications and&#44; ideally&#44; with a minimum possibility of therapeutic failure&#46; As yet&#44; there are no clinical or laboratory criteria to identify those patients with a higher probability of responding to particular types of therapy&#44; delaying control of RA ad affecting the prevention of incapacity&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Research into gene diversity through single-nucleotide polymorphisms &#40;SNPs&#41; by means of microarray systems&#44; allows the detailed analysis of gene factors associated to a given disease&#46; SNPs have been recently applied to the study of RA&#44; where the major polymorphisms associated to RA occur primarily in genes that code for proteins related to the initiation of an immune response and&#47;or the control of cellular activity in the immune system&#44; in addition to genes related to tissue repair&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The specific meaning of these findings is in its initial stages of research&#46; On the other hand&#44; proteomics relate to the analysis of protein expression profiles at multiple levels&#46; Both types of studies will contribute to the knowledge of patterns of gene expression in RA compared to the general population&#44; and will allow an understanding of the pathogenesis of RA&#46; Moreover&#44; proteomic and genomic profiles can be employed to designs probes that identify individuals with the risk of developing RA&#44; individually predict the response to different therapeutic modalities &#40;pharmacogenomics&#41; and for the follow-up of the biologic response to therapy&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La artritis reumatoide &#40;AR&#41; es una enfermedad cr&#243;nica e incapacitante que afecta a individuos en etapas productivas de la vida&#46; El tratamiento moderno de la AR incluye la denominada terapia &#8220;biol&#243;gica&#8221; basada en prote&#237;nas recombinantes&#44; modificadoras de procesos biol&#243;gicos&#44; con efectos terap&#233;uticos potentes y diferentes mecanismos de acci&#243;n&#44; pese a lo cual persisten fracasos terap&#233;uticos&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Un tratamiento que prevenga la discapacidad en AR debe instituirse en forma temprana&#44; antes del desarrollo de secuelas&#44; e idealmente con m&#237;nima posibilidad de fracaso terap&#233;utico&#46; No existen criterios cl&#237;nicos o de laboratorio que identifiquen a pacientes con mayor probabilidad de respuesta a distintas formas de terapia&#44; lo que retarda el control de la AR y afecta a la prevenci&#243;n de discapacidad&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El estudio de la diversidad gen&#233;tica&#44; por medio de polimorfismos de una sola base &#40;SNP&#41; con sistemas de microarreglos &#40;MA&#41;&#44; permite el an&#225;lisis detallado de los factores gen&#233;ticos asociados a una enfermedad&#44; lo cual empieza a utilizarse en AR&#46; Los polimorfismos con mayor asociaci&#243;n con AR ocurren primordialmente en genes que codifican prote&#237;nas relacionadas con el inicio de la respuesta inmunitaria y&#47;o con el control de la actividad celular&#44; adem&#225;s de genes relacionados con la reparaci&#243;n tisular&#46; El significado espec&#237;fico de esto apenas empieza a estudiarse&#46; Por otro lado&#44; la prote&#243;mica estudia los perfiles de expresi&#243;n prote&#237;nica en cualquier individuo a m&#250;ltiples niveles&#46;</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ambos tipos de estudios ayudar&#237;an a conocer los patrones de expresi&#243;n g&#233;nica en AR comparados con la poblaci&#243;n general&#46; Adem&#225;s de ayudar a conocer la patogenia de la AR&#44; los perfiles prote&#243;micos y gen&#243;micos pueden utilizarse para dise&#241;ar sondas que identifiquen a individuos con riesgo de desarrollar AR&#44; predigan en forma individualizada la respuesta a distintos esquemas terap&#233;uticos y que permitan seguir la respuesta biol&#243;gica a la terapia&#46;</p>"
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Article information

ISSN: 21735743
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/S2173-5743(08)70145-X

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Year/Month	Html	Pdf	Total

2024 October	24	61	85
2024 September	18	39	57
2024 August	34	42	76
2024 July	20	33	53
2024 June	17	29	46
2024 May	25	30	55
2024 April	20	26	46
2024 March	26	36	62
2024 February	18	35	53
2024 January	19	33	52
2023 December	19	38	57
2023 November	12	31	43
2023 October	19	55	74
2023 September	43	47	90
2023 August	12	22	34
2023 July	27	23	50
2023 June	15	19	34
2023 May	17	7	24
2023 April	8	11	19
2023 March	22	25	47
2023 February	15	35	50
2023 January	17	21	38
2022 December	20	29	49
2022 November	15	27	42
2022 October	24	31	55
2022 September	16	45	61
2022 August	17	48	65
2022 July	23	49	72
2022 June	20	37	57
2022 May	15	48	63
2022 April	19	47	66
2022 March	14	50	64
2022 February	15	27	42
2022 January	16	39	55
2021 December	18	36	54
2021 November	21	62	83
2021 October	13	58	71
2021 September	28	34	62
2021 August	29	47	76
2021 July	12	38	50
2021 June	19	40	59
2021 May	17	26	43
2021 April	13	23	36
2021 March	47	34	81
2021 February	31	19	50
2021 January	8	17	25
2020 December	10	51	61
2020 November	16	19	35
2020 October	7	9	16
2020 September	20	21	41
2020 August	12	20	32
2020 July	11	17	28
2020 June	14	12	26
2020 May	13	12	25
2020 April	12	15	27
2020 March	6	7	13
2020 February	4	0	4
2020 January	4	0	4
2019 December	2	0	2
2019 September	4	0	4
2019 August	2	0	2
2019 June	2	0	2
2019 March	4	0	4
2019 January	1	0	1
2018 December	3	0	3
2018 May	4	1	5
2018 April	16	7	23
2018 March	14	16	30
2018 February	13	3	16
2018 January	8	7	15
2017 December	8	7	15
2017 November	10	5	15
2017 October	16	6	22
2017 September	12	4	16
2017 August	8	3	11
2017 July	11	12	23
2017 June	15	6	21
2017 May	26	6	32
2017 April	17	4	21
2017 March	16	18	34
2017 February	5	5	10
2017 January	10	4	14
2016 December	33	11	44
2016 November	16	6	22
2016 October	29	6	35
2016 September	19	5	24
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2016 July	15	2	17

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