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Vol. 22. Issue 3.
(March 2026)
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Vol. 22. Issue 3.
(March 2026)
Original article

Cutaneous and serological profiles of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in a hispanic population

Perfiles cutáneos y serológicos de las miopatías inflamatorias idiopáticas en una población hispana
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Selene Maribel Delgado-Ayalaa, Sonia Chávez-Álvarezb, Jorge Ocampo-Candianib, Miguel Ángel Villarreal-Alarcóna, Dionicio Ángel Galarza-Delgadoa, Lourdes Gil-Floresc, David Vega-Moralesc,
Corresponding author
drdavidvega@yahoo.com.mx

Corresponding author.
a Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Rheumatology Department, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
b Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Dermatology Department, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
c Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital General de Zona No. 17, Rheumatology and Infusion Center, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Abstract
Introduction

In the diagnosis and management of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, cutaneous manifestations are particularly significant. Clinical signs are often associated with specific autoantibodies and play a role in the classification, treatment, and prognosis of IIM.

Objective

Describe the cutaneous clinical presentation, phototype, and autoantibody profiles among Hispanic patients with IIM.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2015 to November 2022, including 64 patients diagnosed with IIM. Rheumatological and dermatological evaluations were performed, assessing Fitzpatrick phototype and Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Activity and Severity Index (CDASI) scores. Autoantibodies were analyzed using immunoblotting.

Results

Dermatomyositis (DM) was the most common subtype (73.4%). Fitzpatrick phototypes IV (59.4%) and III (37.5%) predominated. CDASI scores indicated mild dermatological activity in 60.9% of cases. Cluster analysis identified four patient groups with distinct clinical and serological profiles.

Conclusion

IIM have a complex disease expression. Recognizing its heterogeneities can enhance personalized treatment approaches.

Keywords:
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Phototype
Dermatomyositis
Autoantibodies
Resumen
Introducción

En el diagnóstico y manejo de las miopatías inflamatorias idiopáticas las manifestaciones cutáneas son de particular importancia. Los signos clínicos suelen asociarse con autoanticuerpos específicos y desempeñan un papel en su clasificación, tratamiento y pronóstico.

Objetivo

Describir la presentación clínica cutánea, el fototipo y los perfiles de autoanticuerpos entre pacientes hispanos con miopatía inflamatoria.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio transversal de enero de 2015 a noviembre de 2022, que incluyó 64 pacientes con diagnóstico de miopatía inflamatoria. Se efectuaron evaluaciones reumatológicas y dermatológicas, determinando el fototipo de Fitzpatrick y el puntaje del Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Activity and Severity Index (CDASI). Los autoanticuerpos se analizaron mediante inmunoblot.

Resultados

La dermatomiositis fue el subtipo más frecuente (73.4%). Predominaron los fototipos IV (59.4%) y III (37.5%) de Fitzpatrick. Los puntajes de CDASI indicaron actividad dermatológica leve en el 60.9% de los casos. El análisis de conglomerados identificó cuatro grupos de pacientes con perfiles clínicos y serológicos distintos.

Conclusión

Las miopatías inflamatorias presentan una expresión clínica compleja. Reconocer sus heterogeneidades puede favorecer un abordaje más personalizado.

Palabras clave:
Miopatías inflamatorias idiopáticas
Fototipo
Dermatomiositis
Autoanticuerpos

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