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Vol. 22. Issue 3.
(March 2026)
Brief Report

Rheumatic diseases in childhood: Clinical and immunological characteristics of a pediatric cohort at a tertiary hospital

Patología reumática en la infancia: características clínicas e inmunológicas de una cohorte pediátrica en un hospital terciario
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Yedra Usón-Rodrígueza,
Corresponding author
yedrauson@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Giuliano Boselli-Oportoa, Ignacio Ruiz del Olmo-Izuzquizab, Julia Ulier-Bellmunta, Marta Medrano-San Ildelfonsoa
a Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
b Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

To describe the clinical, immunological, and healthcare characteristics of patients attended in a Pediatric Rheumatology unit of a tertiary Spanish hospital over ten years.

Methods

Retrospective observational study including all patients under 18 years evaluated between 2014 and 2024. Demographic data, diagnoses, immunological profile, presence of uveitis, treatments, and final healthcare status were collected.

Results

A total of 925 patients were evaluated; 59.8% were female. The most prevalent disease in the clinic was JIA (29.4%), with oligoarticular JIA being the most frequent subtype (49.2%), of whom 71.5% were positive for ANA and 17.7% had uveitis. Autoinflammatory diseases accounted for 10.2% and connective tissue diseases for 7.4%. At the time of analysis, 45.3% were still followed in paediatric care, and 9% were in transition to adult consultations.

Conclusions

Our case series is similar to that described in other Pediatric Rheumatology units in our region, highlighting the higher frequency of oligoarticular JIA and its association with positive ANA.

Keywords:
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Autoinflammatory diseases
Connective tissue diseases
Pediatric rheumatology
Transitional care
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir las características clínicas, inmunológicas y asistenciales de pacientes atendidos en una unidad de Reumatología Pediátrica de un hospital terciario español durante diez años.

Métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a todos los pacientes menores de 18 años valorados entre 2014 y 2024. Se recogieron datos demográficos, diagnósticos, perfil inmunológico, presencia de uveítis, tratamientos y situación asistencial final.

Resultados

Se evaluaron 925 pacientes; el 59,8% fueron mujeres. La enfermedad más prevalente en la consulta fue la AIJ (29,4%) y, dentro de este grupo, la más frecuente fue la AIJ oligoarticular (49,2%), presentando en un 71,5% ANA positivos y en un 17,7% uveítis. Las enfermedades autoinflamatorias supusieron el 10,2% y las conectivopatías el 7,4%. En el momento del análisis, el 45,3% mantenía seguimiento pediátrico y el 9% se encontraba en transición a consultas de adultos.

Conclusiones

Nuestra casuística es similar a la descrita en otras unidades de Reumatología Pediátrica de nuestro entorno, destacando la mayor frecuencia de AIJ oligoarticular y su asociación con ANA positivo.

Palabras clave:
Artritis idiopática juvenil
Enfermedades autoinflamatorias
Conectivopatías
Reumatología pediátrica
Consulta de transición

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