EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE VASCULITIDES

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Vasculitis Affecting Predominantly Large-, Medium-, and Small-sized Blood Vessels

In this category, we have included giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA), Takayasu's arteritis (TA), and isolated angiitis of the central nervous system.

SECONDARY VASCULITIS

Patients with secondary vasculitis generally have clinical or laboratory evidence of an underlying disease.50 Consequently, the frequency of secondary vasculitis has frequently been underreported, since patients presenting with typical purpuric vasculitic lesions associated with well-defined conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are not often biopsied.50

SUMMARY

In summary, systemic vasculitides constitute a heterogeneous group of overlapping diseases that are somewhat more common than previously considered. Although the causes of vasculitis are largely unknown, epidemiologic studies have implicated geographic, genetic, and environmental factors. Ethnicity, various genes such as those of the MHC, gender, and environmental factors seem to account for the different incidence rates of these syndromes. GCA is the most common vasculitis in elderly people

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    Address reprint requests to Miguel A. González-Gay, MD, PhD Rheumatology Division, Hospital Xeral-Calde, c) Dr Ochoa s/n 27004, Lugo, Spain e-mail: [email protected]

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