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Vol. 20. Issue 1.
Pages 1-7 (January 2024)
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Vol. 20. Issue 1.
Pages 1-7 (January 2024)
Original Article
CXCL10 as a biomarker of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
CXCL10 como biomarcador de enfermedad pulmonar intersticial en pacientes con artritis reumatoide
Yasmine S. Makarema,
Corresponding author
yasmine.saad@aun.edu.eg

Corresponding author.
, Elzahraa A. Ahmeda, Marwa Makboulb, Shimaa Farghalyb, Naima Mostafaa, Randa A. El Zohnec, Samar H. Gomaa
a Rheumatology & Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
b Radio-diagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
c Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Figures (2)
Tables (6)
Table 1. Baseline and clinical characteristics of RA patients with and without ILD (n=73).
Table 2. DAS28, pulmonary function test, HRCT, MHAQ, and laboratory characteristics of RA patients with and without ILD (n=73).
Table 3. The correlation between CXCL10 biomarker and demographic and clinical details of RA-ILD cases (n=33).
Table 4. Comparison of the CXCL10 means according to DAS categories among RA-ILD patients (n=33).
Table 5. The best cut off, sensitivity and specificity for RA-ILD detection by CXCL0 biomarker (n=73).
Table 6. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for prediction of RA-ILD by different laboratory data (n=73).
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Abstract
Introduction

Pulmonary involvement is a frequent and serious rheumatoid arthritis (RA) manifestation that affects 60%–80% of patients. CXCL10 is an inflammatory chemokine that regulates different biological responses, such as chemotaxis, angiogenesis, and inflammation.

Aim

This study aimed to identify the role of CXCL10 as a peripheral blood marker of RA-ILD and its correlation with disease activity.

Patients and methods

This cross-sectional study included 73 patients with RA (33 with ILD and 40 without ILD). Pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography were performed. Blood samples were taken for complete blood count and blood chemistry analysis, and human interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) level. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 22) was used for all statistical calculations.

Results

The serum CXCL10 level and patient age (r=.393, p=.024), disease duration (r=.756, p<0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=.516, p=.002), C-reactive protein (r=.539, p=.001), and rheumatoid factor (r=.663, p<.001) revealed a significant positive correlation. Furthermore, the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (r=−.418, p=.015) revealed a significant negative correlation. Patients with RA-ILD show significantly higher CXCL10 than those without ILD (p<.001).

Conclusion

CXCL10 is a useful RA disease activity biomarker and is an RA-ILD-sensitive biomarker, also CXCL10 is a significant predictor for development of RA-ILD.

Keywords:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Interstitial lung disease
Inflammatory chemokine
CXCL10
Resumen
Introducción

La afección pulmonar es una manifestación frecuente y grave de la artritis reumatoide (AR) que afecta al 60-80% de los pacientes. CXCL10 es una quimiocina inflamatoria que regula diferentes respuestas biológicas, como la quimiotaxis, la angiogénesis y la inflamación.

Propósito

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el papel de CXCL10 como marcador en sangre periférica de RA-ILD y su correlación con la actividad de la enfermedad.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio transversal que incluyó a 73 pacientes con AR (33 con EPI y 40 sin EPI). Se realizaron pruebas de función pulmonar y tomografía computarizada de alta resolución. Se tomaron muestras de sangre para hemograma completo y análisis de química sanguínea y el nivel de proteína 10 inducible por interferón humano (IP-10/CXCL10). Se utilizó el paquete estadístico para las ciencias sociales (versión 22) para todos los cálculos estadísticos.

Resultados

El nivel sérico de CXCL10 y la edad del paciente (r=0,393, p=0,024), la duración de la enfermedad (r=0,756, p<0,001), la velocidad de sedimentación globular (r=0,516, p=0,002), la proteína C reactiva (r=0,539, p=0,001) y el factor reumatoide (r=0,663, p<0,001) revelaron una correlación positiva significativa. Además, el Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Salud Modificado (r=−0,418, p=0,015) reveló una correlación negativa significativa. Los pacientes con RA-ILD muestran un CXCL10 significativamente mayor que aquellos sin ILD (p<0,001).

Conclusión

CXCL10 es un biomarcador útil de la actividad de la enfermedad de AR y es un biomarcador sensible a AR-ILD, también CXCL10 es un predictor significativo para el desarrollo de AR-ILD.

Palabras clave:
Artritis reumatoide
Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial
Quimiocina inflamatoria
CXCL10

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