Article information
Full text is only available in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
E.M. Badley.
The provision of reumatological services.
Rheumatology,
[2.]
L. Carmona, J. Ballina, R. Gabriel.
The burden of musculoskeletal diseases in the general population of Spain: results from a national survey.
Ann Rheum Dis, 60 (2001), pp. 1040-1045
[3.]
N. Bellamy, L.A. Bradley.
Workshop on chronic pain, pain control, and patient outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Arthritis Rheum, 39 (1996), pp. 357-362
[4.]
T.J. Nurmikko, T.P. Nash, J.R. Wiles.
Control of chronic pain.
BMJ, 317 (1998), pp. 1438-1441
[5.]
F. Conno, C. Ripamonti, C. Brunelli.
Opioid purchases and expenditure in nine western European countries:“Are we killing off morphine?”.
Palliative Medicine, 19 (2005), pp. 179-184
[6.]
A.D. Woolf, H. Zeidler, U. Haglund, A.J. Carr, S. Chaussade, D. Cucinotta, et al.
Musculoskeletal pain in Europe: its impact and a comparison of population and medical perceptions of treatment in eight European countries.
Ann Rheum Dis, 63 (2004), pp. 342-347
[7.]
E. Kalso, L. Allan, P. Dellemijn, C.C. Faura, W.K. Ilias, f. Jensen, et al.
Recommendations for using opioids in chronic non-cancer pain.
Eur J Pain, 7 (2003), pp. 381-386
[8.]
American Academy of Pain Medicine. Long-term controlled substances therapy for chronic pain. Sample agreement, 2001. Disponible en: http://www.painmed.org/productpub/statements/sample.html
[9.]
Recommendations for the appropriateuse of opioids for persistent non-cancer pain. The England Pain Society; 2004.
[10.]
R.D. Jovey, J. Ennis, J. Gardner-Nix, B. Goldman, H. Hays, M. Lynch, et al.
Canadian Pain Society. Use of opioid analgesics for the treatment of chronic noncancer pain –a consensus statement and guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society, 2002.
Pain Res Manag, 8 (2003), pp. A3-A28
[11.]
M.P. Jensen, P. Karoly.
Self-report scales and procedures for assessing pain in adult,
[12.]
M.B. Ferraz, M.R. Quaresma, L.R.L. Aquino, E. Atra, A. Tugwell, C.H. Goldsmith.
Reliability of pain scales in the assessment of literate and illiterate patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
J Rheumatol, 17 (1990), pp. 1022-1024
[13.]
D.C. Turk, A. Okifuji.
Assessment of patients reporting of pain: an integrated perspective.
Lancet, 353 (1999), pp. 1784-1788
[14.]
D.C. Turk.
Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treatments for patients with chronic pain.
Clin J Pain, 18 (2002), pp. 355-365
[15.]
W. Guy.
ECDEU assessment manual for psicopharmacology (DHEW Publications No. ADM 76-338).
US Government Printing Office, (1976),
[16.]
H. Shen, A. Aeschlimann, N. Reisch, R.E. Gay, B.R. Simmen, B.A. Michel, et al.
Kappa and delta opioid receptors are expressed but down-regulated in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Arthritis Rheum, 52 (2005), pp. 1402-1410
[17.]
H. Malonne, M. Coffiner, B. Sonet, A. Sereno, F. Vanderbist.
Efficacy and tolerability of sustained-release tramadol in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Clin Ther, 26 (2004), pp. 1774-1782
[18.]
J.R. Caldwell, R.J. Rapoport, J.C. Davis, H.L. Offenberg, H.W. Marker, S.H. Roth, et al.
Efficacy and safety of a once-daily morphine formulation in chronic, moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis pain: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial and an open-label extension trial.
J Pain Symptom Manage, 23 (2002), pp. 278-291
[19.]
N. Griessinger, R. Sittl, R. Jost, M. Schaefer, R. Likar.
The role of opioid analgesics in rheumatoid disease in the elderly population.
Drugs Aging, 20 (2003), pp. 571-583
[20.]
L. Allan, H. Hays, N.H. Jensen, B.L. De Waroux, M. Bolt, R. Donald, et al.
Randomized crossover trial of transdermal fentanyl and sustained release oral morphine for treating chronic non-cancer pain.
BMJ, 322 (2001), pp. 1154-1158
[21.]
R. Sittl, N. Griessinger, R. Likar.
Analgesic efficacy and tolerability of transdermal buprenorphine in patients with inadequately controlled chronic pain related to cancer and other disorders: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Clin Ther, 25 (2003), pp. 150-168
[22.]
P.M. Peloso, L. Fortin, A. Beaulieu, M. Kamin, N. Rosenthal, Protocol TRP-CAN-1 Study Group.
Analgesic efficacy and safety of tramadol/acetaminophen combination tablets (Ultracet) in treatment of chronic low back pain: a multicenter, outpatient, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial.
J Rheumatol, 31 (2004), pp. 2454-2463
[23.]
M.E. Hale, R. Fleischmann, R. Salzman.
Efficacy and safety of controlled-release versus immediate-release oxycodone: randomized, double-blind evaluation in patients with chronic back pain.
Clin J Pain, 15 (1999), pp. 179-183
[24.]
K. Milligan, M. Lanteri-Minet, K. Borchert.
Evaluation of long-term efficacy and safety of transdermal fentanyl in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain.
J Pain, 2 (2001), pp. 197-204
[25.]
K. Mystakidou, E. Parpa, E. Tsilika.
Long-term management of noncancer pain with transdermal therapeutic system-fentanyl.
J Pain, 4 (2003), pp. 298-306
[26.]
J. Sorge, T. Stadler.
Comparison of the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of tramadol 100 mg sustained-release tablets and tramadol 50 mg capsules for the treatment of chronic low back pain.
Clin Drug Invest, 14 (1997), pp. 157-164
[27.]
N.R. Rosenthal, J.C. Silverfield, S.C. Wu, D. Jordan, M. Kamin.
Tramadol/ acetaminophen combination tablets for the treatment of pain associated with osteoarthritis flare in an elderly patient population.
J Am Geriatr Soc, 52 (2004), pp. 374-380
[28.]
J. Sorge, T. Stadler.
Comparison of the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of tramadol 100 mg sustained-release tablets and tramadol 50 mg capsules for the treatment of chronic low back pain.
Clin Drug Invest, 14 (1997), pp. 157-164
[29.]
S.H. Roth, R.M. Fleischmann, F.X. Burch.
Around-the-clock, controlled-release oxycodone therapy for osteoarthritis-related pain: placebo-controlled trial and long-term evaluation.
Arch Intern Med, 160 (2000), pp. 853-860
[30.]
R.K. Portenoy.
Opioid therapy for chronic nonmalignant pain: a review of the critical issues.
J Pain Symptom Manage, 11 (1996), pp. 203-217
[31.]
J.C. Ballantyne, J. Mao.
Opioid therapy for chronic pain.
N Eng J Med, 349 (2003), pp. 1943-1953
[32.]
H. McQuay.
Opioids in pain management.
Lancet, 353 (1999), pp. 2229-2232
[33.]
The use of opioids for the treatment of chronic pain: a consensus statement from American Academy of Pain Medicine and American Pain Society. Disponible en: http://www.ampainsoc.org/advocacy/opioids.htm
Copyright © 2006. Elsevier España S.L. Barcelona
