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Vol. 21. Issue 8.
(October 2025)
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Vol. 21. Issue 8.
(October 2025)
Original article
Establishing reference values for serum urate in healthy adults from Mexico City: Data from the Tlalpan 2020 cohort
Urato sérico en adultos sanos de la Ciudad de México: establecimiento de valores de referencia a partir de la cohorte Tlalpan 2020
Hilary Miranda-Mendozaa, Daniel Paulino-Gonzálezb, Julio Sesma-Sotoa, Stephany Segura-Garcíaa, Gerardo Tirado-Ojedac, Abraham Romero-Beltránb, Fernando Ortiz-Sancheza, Michele Enríquez-Lunac, Brandon Fisher-Bautistaa, Guadalupe O. Gutiérrez-Esparzad, Mireya Martínez-Garcíaa, Luis M. Amezcua-Guerraa,e,
a Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
b School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana–Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, 04960 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
c Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
d Researcher in the “Researcher for Mexico” Program, Secretariat of Sciences, Humanities, Technology, and Innovation (SECIHTI), Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Crédito Constructor, 03940 Benito Juárez, Mexico City, Mexico
e Health Care Department, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana–Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, 04960 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
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Table 1. Clinical characteristics of study participants in the Tlalpan 2020 cohort.
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Table 2. Reference values for serum urate in healthy adults from Mexico City.
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Abstract
Background

Urate is the final product of purine catabolism, and its levels have been linked to various cardiometabolic disorders. In Mexico, most epidemiological data on urate levels derive from populations with existing comorbidities, limiting the establishment of normative reference values.

Objective

To characterize the distribution of serum urate concentrations in a healthy adult population residing in Mexico City.

Methods

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 3099 healthy adults (64.6% women) enrolled in the Tlalpan 2020 cohort. Participants with chronic diseases, abnormal blood pressure or glucose levels, or exposure to urate-altering medications were excluded. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters were recorded, and serum urate concentrations were analyzed overall and stratified by sex.

Results

The median serum urate level in the overall cohort was 5.16mg/dL (interquartile range, 4.32–6.15), with a central 95% reference interval ranging from 3.05 to 7.98mg/dL. Median urate levels differed significantly by sex: 4.60mg/dL (3.99–5.28) in women and 6.39mg/dL (5.61–7.09) in men. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in the total cohort was 16.5%, notably higher in men (28.4%) compared to women (10.0%).

Conclusion

This study establishes sex-specific reference values for serum urate in a healthy Mexican adult population. The findings may inform clinical decision-making and future research on urate-related risk stratification.

Keywords:
Urate
Reference values
Cardiometabolic syndrome
Resumen
Antecedentes

El urato es el producto final del catabolismo de las purinas y su concentración se ha asociado con diversos trastornos cardiometabólicos. En México, la mayoría de los datos epidemiológicos sobre los niveles de urato provienen de poblaciones con comorbilidades existentes, lo que limita el establecimiento de valores de referencia normativos.

Objetivo

Caracterizar la distribución de las concentraciones séricas de urato en una población adulta sana residente en la Ciudad de México.

Métodos

Se realizó un análisis transversal utilizando datos de 3,099 adultos sanos (64.6% mujeres) incluidos en la cohorte Tlalpan 2020. Se excluyeron participantes con enfermedades crónicas, cifras anormales de presión arterial o glucosa, o exposición a medicamentos que alteran el urato. Se registraron parámetros clínicos, antropométricos y bioquímicos, y las concentraciones de urato se analizaron de forma global y estratificadas por sexo.

Resultados

La mediana de urato sérico en la cohorte fue de 5.16mg/dL (rango intercuartílico: 4.32–6.15), con un intervalo de referencia (95%) que oscila entre 3.05 y 7.98mg/dL. Las concentraciones de urato difirieron significativamente por sexo: 4.60mg/dL (3.99–5.28) en mujeres y 6.39mg/dL (5.61–7.09) en hombres. La prevalencia de hiperuricemia en la cohorte total fue de 16.5%, siendo mayor en hombres (28.4%) que en mujeres (10.0%).

Conclusión

Este estudio establece valores de referencia de urato específicos por sexo en una población mexicana adulta sana. Los hallazgos pueden ser útiles para la toma de decisiones y para futuras investigaciones sobre la estratificación del riesgo relacionado con el urato.

Palabras clave:
Urato
Valores de referencia
Síndrome cardiometabólico

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