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Vol. 21. Issue 9.
(November 2025)
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Vol. 21. Issue 9.
(November 2025)
Original article
Impact of the IL18 −137 G/C (rs187238) polymorphism on susceptibility and clinical manifestations in women systemic lupus erythematosus
Impacto del polimorfismo IL18 -137 G/C (rs187238) en la susceptibilidad y las manifestaciones clínicas en mujeres con lupus eritematoso sistémico
Danton Magria,1, Clisten Fátima Staffena,1, Ticiana Della Justina Fariasb, Ilíada Rainha de Souzaa, Yara Costa Netto Muniza, Ivânio Alves Pereirac, Lia Kubelka de Carlos Backd, Luciano Santos Pinto Guimarãesa, Juliana Dal-Ri Lindenaua,
Corresponding author
juliana.lindenau@ufsc.br

Corresponding author.
a Genetic Polymorphisms Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
b Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
c Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Polydoro Ernani de Sao Thiago, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
d Biogenetika Individualized Medicine, Florianopolis, Brazil
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Comparison between cases and controls to epidemiological variables.
Tables
Table 2. Estimation of the association between epidemiological variables and rs187238 with SLE susceptibility.
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Table 3. Estimation of prevalence of clinical manifestations in *C carriers compared to the *GG genotype of the rs187238 polymorphism.
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies, inflammation processes, and tissue damage. There are several genetic factors associated with the disease, many of them single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Interleukin-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine encoded by the IL18 gene, and the SNP −137 G/C (rs187238) has been studied in several populations. This case control study analyzed whether rs187238 is associated with SLE susceptibility and its clinical manifestations in a Brazilian population.

Materials and methods

153 patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE were recruited, as well as 147 controls. Genotyping was performed by sequence-specific polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR). To assess SLE susceptibility a logistic regression test was conducted. Clinical aspects were tested through Poisson regression and clustered by Principal Component Analysis.

Results

An association between the rs187238*C_ carriers genotypes and SLE was found, these genotypes were associated with a 127% increased chance of developing the disease (OR=2.27, 95% CI=1.32–3.98, p=0.003). The *C_ genotypes were also associated with photosensitivity (PR=1.39, 95% CI=1.1–1.8, p=0.017), malar rash (PR=1.37, 95% CI=1.1–1.8, p=0.014) and Raynaud phenomenon (PR=1.37, 95% IC=1.1–1.8, p=0.015).

Discussion and conclusions

These findings suggest the potential of rs187238 as a genetic marker for SLE risk and clinical stratification in admixed Latin American populations.

Keywords:
Interleukin
Immunogenetics
Autoimmunity
Association study
Cytokine
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune crónica caracterizada por la producción de autoanticuerpos, procesos inflamatorios y daño tisular. Existen varios factores genéticos asociados con la enfermedad, muchos de ellos polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido (SNPs). La interleucina-18 es una citocina proinflamatoria codificada por el gen IL18, y el SNP -137 G/C (rs187238) ha sido estudiado en diversas poblaciones. Este estudio de casos y controles analizó si el rs187238 está asociado con la susceptibilidad al LES y sus manifestaciones clínicas en una población brasileña.

Materiales y métodos

Se reclutaron 153 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de clasificación del Colegio Americano de Reumatología para LES, así como 147 controles. La genotipificación se realizó mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con cebadores específicos de secuencia (SSP-PCR). Para evaluar la susceptibilidad al LES se realizó una regresión logística. Los aspectos clínicos se analizaron mediante regresión de Poisson y se agruparon mediante análisis de componentes principales.

Resultados

Se encontró una asociación entre los genotipos portadores del alelo C_ del rs187238 y el LES, estando dichos genotipos asociados con un aumento del 127% en la probabilidad de desarrollar la enfermedad (OR=2,27; IC95%: 1,32-3,98; p=0,003). Los genotipos *C_ también se asociaron con fotosensibilidad (PR=1,39; IC95%: 1,1-1,8; p=0,017), eritema malar (PR=1,37; IC95%: 1,1-1,8; p=0,014) y fenómeno de Raynaud (PR=1,37; IC95%: 1,1-1,8; p=0,015).

Discusión y conclusiones

Estos hallazgos sugieren el potencial del rs187238 como marcador genético de riesgo para LES y para la estratificación clínica en poblaciones latinoamericanas mestizas.

Palabras clave:
Interleucina
Inmunogenética
Autoinmunidad
Estudio de asociación
Citoquina

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