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Vol. 21. Issue 3.
(March 2025)
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Vol. 21. Issue 3.
(March 2025)
Case report
Rare C1q deficiency presenting as pediatric SLE: A case study of two consanguineous siblings
Deficiencia rara de C1q que se presenta como LES pediátrico: estudio de caso de dos hermanos consanguíneos
Kerem Parlara, Berkay Aktaşa, Sena Ladin Sicakyüzb, Sezgin Şahinc, Özgür Kasapçopurc, Serdal Uğurlud,
Corresponding author
serdalugurlu@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
b Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
c Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
d Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract

C1q deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition characterized by mutations in genes C1qA, C1qB, or C1qC which can cause a SLE-like disease. Here, we report the cases of two siblings with C1q deficiency, both of whom had homozygous mutations in the C1QA gene. Both of our patients had NP involvement, and the brother had chilblain lesions. Diagnosis of C1q deficiency was delayed, highlighting the importance of clinical suspicion and genetic testing. This is especially crucial in cases with atypical presentations of SLE and a family history of consanguinity.

Keywords:
C1q deficiency
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Neuropsychiatric involvement
Chillblain lesions
Resumen

La deficiencia de C1q es una condición genética autosómica recesiva poco frecuente, caracterizada por mutaciones en los genes C1qA, C1qB o C1qC, que puede ocasionar una enfermedad semejante al LES. En este informe, presentamos los casos de dos hermanos con deficiencia de C1q, ambos con mutaciones homocigotas en el gen C1QA. Nuestros dos pacientes presentaron compromiso neuropsiquiátrico, y el hermano manifestó lesiones tipo perniosis. El diagnóstico de deficiencia de C1q se retrasó, lo que pone de relieve la importancia de la sospecha clínica y las pruebas genéticas. Esto cobra especial relevancia en casos con manifestaciones atípicas de LES y antecedentes familiares de consanguinidad.

Palabras clave:
Deficiencia de C1q
Lupus eritematoso sistémico
Compromiso neuropsiquiátrico
Lesiones tipo perniosis

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