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Original Article
Available online 29 August 2025
Associated factors to health-related quality of life in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis patients: Data from the Almenara Vasculitis Cohort
Factores asociados a la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con vasculitis asociada a anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos: datos de la Almenara Vasculitis Cohort
Allison Milagros Figueroa-Sáncheza, Leonor Stefani León-Yaurimuchaa, Manuel F. Ugarte-Gilb,c, Victor R. Pimentel-Quirozb,c,
a Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
b Grupo Peruano de Estudio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
c Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
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Table 1. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients studied.
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV).

Methodology

An observational, analytical, retrospective study was conducted using a convenience sampling technique. Data were obtained from the Almenara Vasculitis Cohort during the period from December 2022 to December 2023. Sociodemographic and disease-related features were obtained using a data collection form. Disease activity, damage accrual, and HRQoL were assessed using the BVASv3, VDI, and SF-36 questionnaires, respectively. Cross-sectional univariable and multivariable linear regression models were performed. Multivariate models were generated using a backward selection procedure with an alpha to stay in the model of 0.05.

Results

Fifty-five patients were evaluated; 41 (74.6%) of them were female. Their mean age and disease duration were 58.7 (13.5) and 5.8 (5.2) years, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, low socioeconomic status, older age, and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were associated with worse HRQoL. Conversely, male sex, have a diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), have an employment, and the use of immunosuppressive (IS) drugs other than cyclophosphamide or rituximab were associated with better HRQoL.

Conclusions

In our study, male sex, have an employment, the EGPA subtype, and treatment with IS other than rituximab and cyclophosphamide were associated with better HRQoL. Meanwhile, older age, low socioeconomic status, and high ESR levels were associated with worse HRQoL.

Keywords:
Quality of life
Vasculitis
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
Rheumatology
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar los factores asociados a la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (HRQoL) en pacientes adultos con vasculitis asociadas a ANCA (VAA).

Metodología

Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo, mediante la técnica de toma de muestra por conveniencia. Los datos fueron tomados de la Almenara Vasculitis Cohort, durante el periodo de diciembre del 2022 a diciembre del 2023. Se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos y propios de la enfermedad mediante una ficha de recolección de datos. La actividad de la enfermedad, el daño acumulado y la HRQoL, fueron medidas con los cuestionarios BVASv3, VDI y SF-36, respectivamente. Se realizaron modelos de regresión lineal univariable y multivariable, de corte transversal. Los modelos multivariados se realizaron mediante un procedimiento de selección hacia atrás con un alfa para permanecer en el modelo de 0.05.

Resultados

Se evaluaron 55 pacientes, siendo el sexo femenino el predominante 41 (74.6%). La edad y el tiempo de enfermedad fueron de 58.7 (13.5) y 5.8 años (5.2), respectivamente. En el análisis multivariado, el nivel socioeconómico bajo, la edad, y el nivel de velocidad de sedimentación globular, se asociaron a una peor calidad de vida, mientras que el sexo masculino, el diagnóstico de granulomatosis eosinofílica con poliangeítis (EGPA), el tener un trabajo y el uso inmunosupresor (IS) diferente a ciclofosfamida o rituximab, se asociaron a una mejor calidad de vida.

Conclusiones

En nuestro estudio, se evidenció que el sexo masculino, el tener empleo, el subtipo EGPA, y el tratamiento con IS diferentes a rituximab y ciclofosfamida, se asociaron a una mejor HRQoL. Mientras que la edad, nivel socioeconómico bajo y niveles altos de VSG se asociaron a una peor HRQoL.

Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida
Vasculitis
Anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos
Reumatología

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