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Vol. 19. Issue 9.
Pages 507-511 (November 2023)
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Vol. 19. Issue 9.
Pages 507-511 (November 2023)
Original Article
Comparison of the first and sixth waves of the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus pandemic in patients with immune-mediated disease
Comparación entre la primera y la sexta ola de la pandemia por el coronavirus SARS-COV-2 en pacientes con enfermedad inmunomediada
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Carmen Lobo Rodrígueza,b,c,
Corresponding author
carmen.lobo@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Ana M. López-Callejaa,b, Paloma Morales de los Ríos Lunaa, Susana Sánchez Vázqueza, Ángela Molinero Sampedroa, Amparo López-Estebana,b
a Centro de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Mediadas por la Inmunidad (CEIMI), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
c Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Sociodemographic variables and symptoms in the 1st, and 6th waves.
Table 2. Immune-mediated disease vs. type of treatment.
Table 3. Intravenous and subcutaneous treatments.
Table 4. Severe symptoms and treatment, hospitalisations, admissions to intensive care unit (ICU) and deaths from COVID-19.
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Abstract
Introduction

Recent evidence shows that COVID-19 infection does not have a worse prognosis in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID), although they develop a worse response to vaccination.

Objective

To compare the incidence of COVID-19 and clinical features in patients with IMID between the first and sixth waves.

Method

Prospective observational study of two cohorts of IMID patients diagnosed with COVID-19. First cohort March to May 2020, and second cohort December/2021 to February/2022.

Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected and, in the second cohort, COVID-19 vaccination status. Statistical analysis established differences in characteristics and clinical course between the two cohorts.

Results

In total, 1627 patients were followed up, of whom 77 (4.60%) contracted COVID-19 during the first wave and 184 in the sixth wave (11.3%). In the sixth wave, there were fewer hospitalisations, intensive care unit admissions, and deaths than in the first wave (p=.000) and 180 patients (97.8%) had at least one dose of vaccine.

Conclusion

Early detection and vaccination have prevented the occurrence of serious complications.

Keywords:
Nurse clinicians
COVID-19
Immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID)
COVID-19 vaccines
Resumen
Introducción

Las últimas evidencias revelan que la infección por COVID-19 no tienen peor pronóstico en los pacientes con enfermedades inflamatorias inmunomediadas (EIMI), aunque desarrollan menor respuesta a la vacunación.

Objetivo

Comparar la incidencia de COVID-19 y características clínicas en pacientes con EIMI entre la primera y sexta olas.

Método

Estudio observacional prospectivo de 2 cohortes de pacientes con EIMI diagnosticados de COVID-19. Primera cohorte: marzo-mayo de 2020; segunda cohorte: diciembre/2021 a febrero/2022.

Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, y en la segunda cohorte el estado de vacunación contra la COVID-19. El análisis estadístico estableció las diferencias de las características y la evolución clínica entre ambas cohortes.

Resultados

De un total de 1.627 pacientes en seguimiento, contrajeron COVID-19 durante la primera ola 77 (4,60%) y 184 en la sexta (11,3%). En la sexta hubo menos hospitalizaciones, ingresos en cuidados intensivos y fallecimientos que en la primera (p=0,000) y 180 pacientes (97,8%) tenían al menos una dosis de vacuna.

Conclusión

La detección precoz y la vacunación han evitado la aparición de complicaciones graves.

Palabras clave:
Enfermeras clínicas
COVID-19
Enfermedad inflamatoria inmunomediada
Vacunas contra la COVID-19

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