Journal Information
Vol. 10. Issue 6.
Pages 413-415 (November - December 2014)
Vol. 10. Issue 6.
Pages 413-415 (November - December 2014)
Images in Clinical Rheumatology
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Polyostotic fibrous displasia: A case report
Displasia fibrosa poliostótica: presentación de un caso
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Carlos Francisco Meneses
Corresponding author
, Antonio Egües, Miren Uriarte, Joaquín Belzunegui
Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
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A 37-year-old woman with a fibrous polyostotic dysplasia (FPD) of the left femur, tibia and foot was diagnosed at 11 years of age. At the onset she presented mechanical pain of the left hip and later a stress fracture of the femur for which she was treated with surgery, pamidronate and zolendronate. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis. Phosphocalcic metabolism was normal.

X-rays (Fig. 1) showed a left femur with a «sheperd's staff » deformity, a thin bone cortex and expansive radiolucent lesions. The left tibia (Fig. 2) was curved and had a thin cortex. Feet (Fig. 3) were thickened at the first right metatarsal and phalange with radiolucent and sclerotic areas. A computed tomography of the tibia (Fig. 4) observed a ground glass matrix, with heterogeneous intramarrow images.

Fig. 1.

Anteroposterior X-ray of the left femur with a «shepherd's staff » deformity, a thin cortex and expansive radiolucent images.

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Fig. 2.

Lateral X-ray of the left tibia, which is curved and has a thin cortex.

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Fig. 3.

Lateral and anteroposterior X-ray of the left foot with thickening of the metatarsal and phalange of the first right toe.

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Fig. 4.

Computerized tomography of the tibia with axial images of the proximal end.

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FPD is a rare anomaly of skeletal development. A mutation in the GNAS1 gene has been detected,1 producing alterations in osteoplastic maturation and abnormal fibrous tissue deposit.2 There are two variants: monostotic and polyostotic.3 Lesions are localized on the epiphysis, metaphysis or diaphysis.

The monostotic variant is more prevalent, diagnosed during the patient's youth and less symptomatic. It affects the ribs, femur, tibia, jawbone and humerus.4

The polyostotic form is observed in 30% of cases. It is usually diagnosed during the patients’ infancy. It affects the cranium, face, pelvis, spine and shoulder. It is associated to the McCune-Albright syndrome in 2% of cases (FPD, skin pigmentation and early puberty).2 It leads to dysmetria, gait abnormalities, mechanical pain and stress fractures.5 FPD diagnosis is radiological, rarely requiring a bone biopsy. The prognosis depends on the extension and degree of bone affection, age at onset and extraskeletal manifestations.2 The malignity rate is rare.6

In case of pain, deformity or fracture, treatment with biphosphonate is recommended.7 Curetage or bone implants might be necessary.

Didactic Message

In young patients with bone deformity, PFD must be considered as a diagnosis. Simple X-rays might be enough for diagnosis.

Ethical ResponsibilitiesProtection of People and Animals

The authors state that no experiments were performed on people or animals for this study.

Confidentiality of Data

The authors state that the protocols of their center regarding the publication of patient data have been followed.

Right to Privacy and Informed Consent

The authors have obtained informed consent from the patients and/or subjects referred to in the article. This document is in the possession of the corresponding author.

References
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J. Tis.
Overview of benign bone tumors in children and adolescents.
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[2]
D. Resnick.
4th ed., WB Saunders Co., Ltd., (2002),
[3]
G.P. Siegal, P. Bianco, P. Dal Cin.
Fibrous dysplasia.
WHO classification of tumours of soft tissue and bone, 4th ed., pp. 352
[4]
J.S. Biermann.
Common benign lesions of bone in children and adolescents.
J Pediatr Orthop, 22 (2002), pp. 268-273
[5]
L. Copley, J.P. Dormans.
Benign pediatric bone tumors. Evaluation and treatment.
Pediatr Clin North Am, 43 (1996), pp. 949-966
[6]
D.M. Riddell.
Malignant change in fibrous displasia.
J Bone Joint Surg Br, 46 (1964), pp. 251-255
[7]
J.M. Lane, S.N. Khan, W.J. O’Connor, M. Nydick, J.P. Hommen, R. Schneider, et al.
Bisphosphonate therapy in fibrous dysplasia.
Clin Orthop Relat Res, (2001), pp. 6-12

Please cite this article as: Meneses CF, Egües A, Uriarte M, Belzunegui J. Displasia fibrosa poliostótica: presentación de un caso. Reumatol Clin. 2014;10:413–415.

Copyright © 2014. Elsevier España, S.L.U.. All rights reserved
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